Targeting High-Risk Populations for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Screening: A Sex-Stratified Analysis in an Ethnicity Diverse Cohort incorporating Machine Learning Tools

This study examined the risk factors for developing abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in men and women. Abdominal aortic aneurysm is mostly asymptomatic, but rupture carries a mortality rate of up to 90%. Ultrasound screening reduces mortality in smoking men over 65.

In women, the disease is four times less prevalent yet has worse outcomes, and women were underrepresented in previous studies. The current study analyzed a nationwide database to identify high-risk subgroups. The researchers retrospectively analyzed Clalit Health Services data (2013–2023) for individuals aged 50 and up who underwent ultrasound screening for AAA.

The researchers employed statistical models and machine learning to identify high-risk groups divided by sex. The findings indicate that AAA screening programs should be based not only on age, but also on cardiovascular risk factors, including in women, where these risk factors were found to have an especially powerful effect.

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